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Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition) ›› 2025, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (02): 108-116. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2025.02.003

• Clinical Research • Previous Articles    

Relationship between nonpositional obstructive sleep apnea and cognitive impairment

Ying Wang1, Yanyan Yang2, Wenxiao Niu3, Mengfan Li4, Jinbiao Zhang4,()   

  1. 1. Department of Endocrinology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai 264200,China
    2. Department of Neurology, Tai'an 88th Hospital, Tai'an 271000, China
    3. The Second Clinical School of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai 264000, China
    4. Department of Neurology, Weihai Municipal Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Weihai 264200,China
  • Received:2025-01-23 Online:2025-02-15 Published:2025-06-16
  • Contact: Jinbiao Zhang

Abstract:

Objective

To investigate the effect of nocturnal sleep position on cognitive performance in patients with obstructive sleep Apnea (oSA).

Methods

Adult snorers attending the Sleep Medicine Center of Weihai Municipal Hospital from January 2019 to April 2022 were subjected to nocturnal polysomnography (PSG) with cognitive assessment of neuropsychological scales and collection of peripheral blood samples in the early morning of the following day. The levels of Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers(Aβ42, T-tau, and P-T181-tau) in neuronal exosomes (NDEs) and complement proteins (C3b and C5b-9)in astrocyte-derived exosomes (ADEs) were measured. They were divided into either a postural group or a non-postural group according to the apnea hyponea index (AHI) in different positions in the PSG.

Results

Compared with patients with positional OSA (POSA), patients with non-positional OSA (NPOSA) had a higher risk of developing mild cognitive impairment (MCI) (odds ratio: 2.198, 95% confidence interval:1.201~4.022, P=0.011). The levels of Aβ42 and T-tau from NDEs, as well as C3b and C5b-9 from ADEs,partially mediate the effects of NPOSA on cognitive impairment.

Conclusion

Nocturnal sleep position has an important impact on cognitive dysfunction in OSA patients, and AD biomarkers and complement proteins may be involved in the occurrence and development of cognitive dysfunction in NPOSA patients.

Key words: Obstructive sleep apnea, Sleep position, Cognition function, Alzheimer's disease biomarkers, Complement proteins

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