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中华临床医师杂志(电子版) ›› 2025, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (07) : 520 -525. doi: 10.3877/cma.j.issn.1674-0785.2025.07.006

综述

生命早期危险因素暴露与成年期疾病的关系
刘丹1, 张克石2, 康清源2, 袁平1,3,(), 关振鹏2,()   
  1. 1 110034 沈阳,沈阳医学院公共卫生学院
    2 100144 北京,北京大学首钢医院骨科
    3 100089 北京,航天医疗健康科技集团有限公司科技处
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-22 出版日期:2025-07-30
  • 通信作者: 袁平, 关振鹏
  • 基金资助:
    2024年北京市卫生健康委员会首都卫生发展科研专项(首发2024-2G-6043)

Relationship between exposure to risk factors early in life and disease development in adulthood

Dan Liu1, Keshi Zhang2, Qingyuan Kang2, Ping Yuan1,3,(), Zhenpeng Guan2,()   

  1. 1 Department of Public Health, Shenyang Medical College, Shenyang 110034, China
    2 Orthopedic Department, Peking University Shougang Hospital, Beijing 100144, China
    3 Science and Technology Department, Aerospace Medical Health Technology Group Co, Ltd, Beijing 100089, China
  • Received:2025-07-22 Published:2025-07-30
  • Corresponding author: Ping Yuan, Zhenpeng Guan
引用本文:

刘丹, 张克石, 康清源, 袁平, 关振鹏. 生命早期危险因素暴露与成年期疾病的关系[J/OL]. 中华临床医师杂志(电子版), 2025, 19(07): 520-525.

Dan Liu, Keshi Zhang, Qingyuan Kang, Ping Yuan, Zhenpeng Guan. Relationship between exposure to risk factors early in life and disease development in adulthood[J/OL]. Chinese Journal of Clinicians(Electronic Edition), 2025, 19(07): 520-525.

生命早期的不良环境因素、营养状况、化学物质暴露等,可能通过影响个体的生长发育,增加成年期肥胖、糖尿病、心血管疾病、肌肉骨骼系统疾病等慢性疾病的风险。既往研究表明,母亲吸烟、孕期抗生素使用、早期感染、社会经济地位低下等因素与儿童肥胖和成年期BMI增加显著相关。此外,生命早期的母乳喂养方式和时长以及童年时期不良经历也与成年期肌肉骨骼系统疾病(骨关节炎)和循环系统疾病(动脉粥样硬化)的发生密切相关。本文基于DOHaD(健康与疾病的发育起源)理论,系统地梳理了生命早期危险因素暴露对成年期慢性疾病发生的影响,为成年期慢性疾病的预防和诊疗提供了新思路,强调了生命早期干预的重要性。

Adverse environmental factors, nutritional status, and chemical exposures early in life may increase the risk of chronic diseases such as obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and musculoskeletal disorders in adulthood by affecting an individual's growth and development. Previous studies have shown that maternal smoking, antibiotic use during pregnancy, early infections, and low socioeconomic status are significantly associated with childhood obesity and increased body mass index in adulthood. In addition, breastfeeding practices and duration early in life and adverse childhood experiences are strongly associated with the development of musculoskeletal system disorders (osteoarthritis) and circulatory system disorders (atherosclerosis) in adulthood. Based on the DOHaD (Developmental Origins of Health and Disease) theory, this paper systematically comprehends the impact of early life risk factor exposure on the development of chronic diseases in adulthood, provides new ideas for the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases in adulthood, and emphasizes the importance of early life intervention.

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