To identify the factors influening the health status and common health problems among the elderly in a Chengdu community, in order to provide a theoretical basis for community health care for the elderly.

Elderly people aged ≥ 65 years old who underwent physical examination at Jinyang Community Health Service Center, Chengdu in 2020 were selected as the research subjects. They were divided into groups according to sex and age. Chi-square test was used to analyze whether there were differences in body mass index, blood pressure, blood glucose, blood lipid, anemia, abnormal liver function, and abnormal renal function. Logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of hypertension, diabetes, and impaired fasting blood glucose.

A total of 5589 elderly people were included, in which common health problems (in a descending order) were hypertension, dyslipidemia, overweight or obesity, diabetes, abnormal liver function, abnormal renal function, impaired fasting blood glucose, and anemia. The detection rate of obesity and dyslipidemia in women was higher than that in men, and the detection rate of impaired fasting blood glucose and abnormal renal function in men was significantly higher than that in women (P＜0.05). The detection rates of dyslipidemia, overweight, abnormal liver function, diabetes, hypertension, anemia, and renal dysfunction were significantly different across different age groups (P＜0.05); the detection rate of hypertension, anemia, and renal dysfunction was the lowest in the age group of 65~74 years old, and the highest in the age group ≥85 years old, and showed an obvious increasing trend with the increase of age. The prevalence rate of comorbid chronic diseases was significantly different between different genders, ages, and body mass indexes (P＜0.05). The prevalence rate of comorbidities in women was higher than that in men, and it was the highest in the ≥85 years old group. The prevalence rate of comorbidities in the obesity group was the highest. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that age, overweight, obesity, elevated triglyceride, abnormal liver function, and abnormal renal function were the influencing factors of hypertension; elevated triglyceride and abnormal liver function were the influencing factors of diabetes; and overweight, obesity, elevated low-density lipoprotein, elevated triglyceride, and abnormal liver function were the influencing factors of impaired fasting blood glucose.

The health status of the elderly in the community is not optimistic. The health problems of elderly people of different genders and ages are different. The risk factors for hypertension, impaired fasting blood glucose, and diabetes are different, and the prevalence rate of "hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia" is high. Therefore, individualized health management should be carried out for the elderly to improve their health level.