Since the holding of the 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the principle of health work has placed prevention as the priority, emphasized the integration of prevention and treatment, and further promoted the integration of community-level medical prevention and control. In this paper, on the basis of the traditional "tertiary prevention", the fourth level prevention mentioned by the Hong Kong College of Family Physicians is also discussed. Such four-level prevention ability corresponds to science popularization involved in the daily work of basic general practitioners, undifferentiated disease clinical thinking and decision-making, subspecialty development of chronic disease management, and avoidance of excessive care, This paper aims to discuss the role of such four-level prevention ability in improving comprehensive disease prevention.