To explore the perceptions, attitudes, and recommendations of healthcare personnel in primary healthcare institutions toward granting prescribing authority to public health physicians, aiming to provide theoretical support for the subsequent formal nationwide implementation of such authority.

A self-designed questionnaire was used to conduct a survey among various medical personnel in primary healthcare institutions in Jiangsu Province, selected via convenience sampling. Quantitative data were analyzed using SPSS 27.0 software for descriptive statistics, and qualitative data were analyzed using Nvivo 20.0 software.

A total of 564 valid questionnaires were collected, yielding a response effectiveness rate of 94%. The sample consisted of 149 public health physicians, 292 other physicians, and 133 other healthcare personnel. Overall, attitudes toward granting prescription authority to public health physicians were positive across all groups. Specifically, 96% of public health physicians, 96.2% of other physicians, and 98.4% of other healthcare personnel expressed support.

Healthcare professionals across all categories in primary healthcare institutions in Jiangsu Province demonstrate strong support for granting prescription authority to public health physicians. Empowering public health physicians with prescription rights may facilitate the integration of medical and preventive services and enhance the capacity of primary healthcare. To ensure the safe and effective implementation of these rights, it is necessary to improve the relevant legal framework, clarify the role and scope of prescription authority for public health physicians, and intensify both the depth and breadth of prescription training.