To make a survey of the prevalence and influencing factors of abnormal pulmonary ventilation function in community people over 40 years old in an urban area of Beijing, to provide a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of chronic airway diseases.

From June to December 2019, 4096 community residents were examined for pulmonary ventilation function, and all reports were analyzed. The results of abnormal pulmonary function were statistically analyzed by gender, age, and type.

The overall prevalence of abnormal pulmonary ventilation function in this urban area of Beijing was 44.2%. The prevalence of different types of abnormal pulmonary ventilation function was as follows: mixed ventilation dysfunction, 3.3%; restrictive ventilation dysfunction, 7.0%; obstructive ventilation dysfunction, 10.9%; small airway dysfunction, 23.0%. The prevalence rates of obstructive, restrictive, and mixed ventilation dysfunction in men were 13.5%, 8.7%, and 4.9%, respectively, which were significantly higher than those in women (8.6%, 5.6%, and 1.9%, respectively; P＜0.01). With the increase in age, the prevalence of obstructive, restrictive, and mixed ventilation dysfunction significantly increased gradually (P＜0.01). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for pulmonary ventilation dysfunction were as follows: male gender (obstructive ventilation dysfunction: OR=1.408, 95%CI: 1.066-1.861; restrictive ventilation dysfunction: OR=2.010, 95%CI: 1.466-2.756), and low education level (primary school and below) (obstructive ventilation dysfunction: OR=1.572, 95%CI: 1.105-2.237; restrictive ventilation dysfunction: OR=2.244, 95%CI: 1.541-3.269). In addition, age, smoking, dust exposure, low body weight, childhood history of chronic cough, and allergic history were risk factors of obstructive ventilation dysfunction (P＜0.05).

The prevalence of abnormal pulmonary ventilation function in this urban area of Beijing is high. In addition to internal factors such as age, gender, family history of respiratory disease, allergy, and low weight, external environmental factors such as smoking and coal dust exposure are also crucial threats. The situation of how to prevent and control respiratory diseases is very serious.